Ancel Keys Cholesterol Con. Part 14. 1994-2017
1994. The findings of the Multinational Monitoring of Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease (MONICA) study are reported. The MONICA study was initiated in 1974 with the goal of measuring trends in cardiovascular mortality and coronary heart disease and stroke morbidity in 21 countries and to assess the extent to which these trends could be […]
Ancel Keys Cholesterol Con. Part 13. 1993-2005
1993. Harvard University’s Professor Walter Willett MD invents the Mediterranean Diet. When Ancel Keys began to promote his low fat diet to prevent CHD, he advocated replacing saturated fat with industrially-produced “vegetable” oils “rich in polyunsaturated fats”. Although he was aware that polyunsaturated fats had certain limitations – limitations fully exposed in the Joint Statement […]
The Ancel Keys Cholesterol Con. Part 12. 1984-1993
1984 NIH Consensus Development Conference Any reasonable intellect would have to conclude that the LRC CPPT findings released in 1984, did not support Keys’ Lipid Hypothesis. They could only ever be interpreted as evidence that even if the Lipid Hypothesis was partially true, the contribution of a raised blood cholesterol concentration to CHD was miniscule. […]
Ancel Keys’ Cholesterol Con. Part 11. 1979-1984
1979. The first results of the Helsinki Policemen Study are published. The goal of this novel study which began in 1971, was to determine whether or not insulin resistance can be used to predict those who will develop CHD in the future. Recall that up until 1965 there was real interest in the role of […]
Ancel Keys’ Cholesterol Con. Part 10 – 1978-1979
1978. The identification of dietary trans fats as uniquely damaging to human health. When in 1 Proctor and Gamble employed the German chemist E.C.Kayser to produce the hydrogenated “vegetable” oil from cotton seeds, a product that would become known as Crisco (1), they had no legal requirement to prove that their novel industrially-produced food product […]
Ancel Keys’ Cholesterol Con. Part 9 – 1976-1977
1976-1977. The McGovern US Senate Select Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs releases its Dietary Goals for the United States. A key event that drove the global adoption of the Diet-Heart hypothesis was the 1972 US Presidential election in which the incumbent Richard Nixon was confronted by a losing war in Vietnam, rising food prices, […]
Ancel Keys’ Cholesterol Con. Part 4. by Prof Tim Noakes
How an insecure and unproven hypothesis became a global unchallenged dogma. The ultimate victory of commercial interests over science – 1948-1957 The Framingham Heart Study (FHS) is launched: 1948 – present. Even before the National Heart Act had been signed into law, the US Public Health Service had assigned physician Dr Gilcin Meadows to […]
Ancel Keys’ Cholesterol Con. Part 3. by Prof. Tim Noakes
How an insecure and unproven hypothesis became a global unchallenged dogma. The ultimate victory of commerce over science. The sequence of events that produced one of the greatest scams in the history of modern medicine. Table 1 in the previous column (1) lists the sequence of events that, I will argue, were critical in directing […]
Ansel Keys’ Cholesterol Con, Part 5. by Prof Noakes
How an insecure and unproven hypothesis became a global unchallenged dogma. The ultimate victory of commerce over science. 1957: The first results from the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) are reported. Nine years after the FHS had been initiated as a result of President Truman’s action in signing US National Heart Act into law, the first […]